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Title	Difficulty	Year
2-Chloroprocaine onset	45%	2010
ABA certification: Revocation	94%	2021
ABG measurement: Temp effect	56%	2016
ABG values: Measured vs calculated	88%	2019
ABG: COPD	81%	2009
ABG: Opioid effect	75%	2012
ABG: Pregnancy	60%	2009
ABG: Pulm embolism	62%	2012
ABG: Respiratory acidosis/metabolic alkalosis	97%	2010
ABG: Salicylate toxicity	92%	2009
ABG: morbid obesity and vomiting	73%	2009
ACC/AHA guidelines for periop CV eval	68%	2015
ACC/AHA guidelines: Stents	84%	2021
ACE Inhibitors: MI survival	76%	2011
ACE inhibitors: Mechanism of action	58%	2015
ACE inhibitors: Side effects	76%	2018
ACE-I: Contraindication	91%	2012
ACLS in pregnancy	98%	2014
ACLS: ETT confirmation	79%	2014
ACLS: Special circumstances	44%	2021
AICD malfxn: Causes	49%	2012
AIMS: EMR	83%	2013
ALS: Anesthetic concerns	66%	2015
ANP: Factors causing release	85%	2020
ARB: Side effects	99%	2018
ARDS: Optimal tidal volume	78%	2017
ARDS: Prone position mech.	55%	2011
ARDS: ventilator management	87%	2015
AS and arrhythmias	91%	2013
ASA PS Class 2 vs 3	90%	2014
ASA Physical Status	89%	2019
ASA basic monit stds: ETCO2	93%	2021
ASA basic monit stds: Temp	96%	2021
ASA guidelines: sedation	74%	2016
ASA standards for monitoring	51%	2020
ASRA Guidelines: Herbal Supplementation	41%	2019
ASRA guidelines: Epid cath removal	24%	2014
AV pacing: Hemodynamic effect	51%	2010
AVM embolization/management	34%	2014
Abdom laparoscopy: Complications	91%	2016
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome	47%	2019
Abdominal Laparoscopy: Complications	86%	2021
Abdominal compartment syndrome: Diagnosis	37%	2015
Abnormal ECG: Catecholamines
Acetaminophen toxicity	84%	2010
Acetazolamide: Effects on ion conc	77%	2018
Acetazolamide: lab findings	77%	2015
Acetazolamide: mechanism of action	79%	2011
Acetylcholine receptor anatomy	73%	2015
Acetylcholine release: Physiology	88%	2013
Ach hydrolysis: Enzyme	94%	2020
Acid-base balance: Strong ion difference	64%	2020
Acidosis: Nonanion gap DDx	93%	2011
Acromegaly: Airway	51%	2019
Action potential: Ion channels	70%	2015
Action potential: Ion currents	79%	2021
Acute Intermittent Porphyria: Trigger	68%	2019
Acute liver failure: CNS effects	70%	2019
Acute liver failure: Manifestations	69%	2021
Acute mountain sickness Rx	60%	2016
Acute pain: Physiology	82%	2021
Acute septic shock	75%	2012
Acute tubular necrosis: Dx	55%	2014
Addiction: Definition	66%	2018
Addiction: Risk factors	75%	2016
Addison disease: blood chemistry	68%	2014
Addison’s disease: Perioperative treatment	70%	2010
Adductor Canal: Functional Anatomy	71%	2017
Adrenal Insufficiency: Rx	92%	2020
Adrenal insufficiency: Lab finding	36%	2015
Advanced multiple sclerosis: anesthetic drugs	80%	2012
Aerobic vs. anaerobic glycolysis	74%	2013
Afib: Stroke risk determination	97%	2017
Age-related P50	98%	2009
Aging: CNS changes	91%	2020
Aging: Cardiac physiology	71%	2019
Aging: Cardiovascular physiology	60%	2017
Aging: Physiologic changes	22%	2019
Aging: Pulmonary physiology	91%	2015
Aging: Volatile agents & EEG changes	84%	2018
Air embolism Dx	79%	2012
Air embolism: treatment	99%	2014
Air trapping: Ventilator management	90%	2010
Airway Examination	62%	2017
Airway Resistance: Lung Volumes	52%	2021
Airway anatomy: Pharynx	68%	2021
Airway assessment: Coexisting disease	94%	2010
Airway fire	85%	2011
Airway fire mgmt	80%	2018
Airway fire prevention	40%	2019
Airway innervation	71%	2021
Airway resistance: Poiseuille’s law	76%	2019
Airway trauma: Larynx	29%	2020
Airway: Pediatric vs Adult
Albumin: Na+ concentration	4%	2014
Albuterol vs ipratropium pharm	89%	2011
Aldosterone Physiology	54%	2020
Aldosterone antag: Side effects	93%	2021
Aldosterone: Regulation	41%	2017
Alpha blockers: Selectivity	41%	2015
Alveolar gas equation: Altitude	70%	2021
Alveolar gas exchange	69%	2015
Alveolus Micro Anatomy	48%	2020
Amb Surg: Discharge delays	91%	2019
Ambulatory Surgery Fast Track Criteria	31%	2019
Ambulatory surgery costs	46%	2012
Ambulatory surgery: PONV Rx	94%	2021
Ambulatory surgery: Patient selection	81%	2021
Amiloride: Electrolyte effects	64%	2011
Amiloride: physiologic effects	77%	2008
Amiodarone side effects	95%	2019
Amiodarone: Toxicity	85%	2016
Amiodarone: hemodynamic effect	49%	2010
Amniotic fluid embolus: Dx	95%	2012
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: NMB	96%	2020
Anaphylaxis: Dx and Rx	97%	2017
Anaphylaxis: Epinephrine treatment	90%	2010
Anatomic shunt: Calculation	52%	2019
Anemia and coagulation	38%	2014
Anemia compensation	62%	2016
Anemia: CV compensation	68%	2017
Anemia: Physiologic Consequences	33%	2017
Anes drugs and IOP	90%	2011
Anes management: penetrating eye injury	87%	2012
Anes techniques: suspected MH	99%	2009
Anesth. mgmt: Asthma	83%	2012
Anesthesia Machine: Pressure Regulation	22%	2017
Anesthesia Ventilator: Piston vs. Bellows	90%	2019
Anesthesia for ECT: lidocaine effect	53%	2015
Anesthesia techniques: 1st stage labor	83%	2010
Anesthesia: uterine muscle tone	96%	2012
Anesthesiologist drug abuse: Fentanyl	28%	2014
Anesthesiologists: substance abuse	97%	2020
Anesthesiology Practice: Licensure	39%	2020
Anesthetic absorption: regional anesthetic techniques	88%	2008
Anesthetic uptake: Right-to-left shunt	48%	2014
Anesthetic uptake: Solubility coefficient	66%	2010
Anion gap acidosis	89%	2015
Ankle Block: Analgesic distribution	65%	2020
Ankle block: Analgesia distribution	73%	2017
Ankle block: anatomy	37%	2008
Ankle: Innervation	96%	2018
Ankylosing spondylitis: Epidural risks	41%	2011
Ant cerebral art stroke effects	25%	2011
Anterior hypothalamus injury: Sxs	92%	2015
Anterior mediastinal mass: effects	90%	2014
Antibiotic crossreactivity	63%	2015
Anticholinergic Side Effects	85%	2020
Anticholinesterase Poisoning: Rx	81%	2019
Anticholinesterases in CRF	72%	2015
Anticoagulants: Effects on PT, PTT	49%	2020
Anticoagulants: Mechanism of Action	69%	2021
Anticonvulsants: NMB duration	95%	2021
Antiphospholipid synd: Mgmt in labor	63%	2013
Antiplatelet drugs: Comparison	71%	2012
Antithrombotic drugs: Preop mgmt	86%	2011
Antithrombotic drugs: duration	87%	2008
Aortic clamping: ischemia mechanism	90%	2011
Aortic crossclamp: CV complications	65%	2010
Aortic insufficiency: Hemodynamic treatment	88%	2010
Aortic insufficiency: Mgmt	74%	2021
Aortic stenosis: A fib Rx	65%	2011
Aortic stenosis: Hypotension Rx	81%	2012
Arginine Vasopressin Mechanism of Action	82%	2020
Arginine vasopressin	85%	2014
Arginine vasopressin: Secretion	89%	2021
Arterial pressure wave: Starling	85%	2018
Arterial transducer: Position	86%	2019
Arterial waveform: Peripheral vs. Central	62%	2020
Ascending vent bellows advantages	83%	2014
Ascites: PFTs	52%	2011
Ascites: Pulm Effects	61%	2014
Aspiration mgmt: LMA	94%	2020
Aspirin overdose: DDx	91%	2020
Aspirin toxicity and ABG	86%	2019
Aspirin toxicity: Manifestations	87%	2021
Aspirin toxicity: treatment	79%	2008
Aspirin: platelet effect	96%	2008
Assignment of ASA physical status	87%	2021
Asthma Rx: IgE blockers	93%	2019
Asthma: Postpartum hemorrhage treatment	71%	2010
Atelectasis during anesthesia: Etiol	52%	2012
Atlantoaxial instability: causes	96%	2009
Atrial flutter: Pharmacologic treatment	37%	2010
Atypical butyrylcholinesterase: Mgmt	96%	2021
Automated drug delivery devices	66%	2014
Automated vs. Paper Anesthesia Records	87%	2010
Autonomic Hyperreflexia	53%	2020
Autonomic Innervation: upper extremity	87%	2009
Autonomic dysreflexia symptoms	87%	2013
Autonomic dysreflexia: Risk factors	93%	2014
Autonomic hyperreflexia risk factors	89%	2011
Autonomic hyperreflexia: Signs	53%	2020
Autonomic neurotransmitters	78%	2018
Awake acute blood loss acid-base	69%	2014
Awareness: Equipment issues	47%	2015
Axillary blk: U/S anatomy	60%	2021
Axillary block limitations	74%	2009
Axillary block: Median nerve rescue block	66%	2011
Axillary block: complications	83%	2009
B-blockers: Properties	8%	2013
BP measurement: Invasive vs noninvasive	92%	2017
Baclofen toxicity: Treatment	84%	2014
Bainbridge reflex	55%	2020
Barb coma: EEG endpoint	62%	2008
Barbiturate enzyme induction	48%	2013
Barbiturates: PK in the elderly	63%	2018
Bariatric surgery: Complications	80%	2016
Becker's muscular dystrophy: Rhabdomy	47%	2015
Benzocaine & methemoglobinemia	98%	2013
Benzodiazepines: respiratory effects	95%	2015
Beta-1 Receptor Upregulation: Causes	37%	2016
Beta-agonist: Bronchodilation mechanism	55%	2017
Beta-thalassemia: Newborn	97%	2010
Bicarb admin: CO2 effect	87%	2009
Bier Block Limitations	79%	2021
Bilateral carotid endarterectomy: Physiology	69%	2010
Biliary pressure: Drug effects	86%	2019
Biologic outbreaks: Resp PPE	42%	2020
Biological warfare	79%	2015
Biostats: Bland Altman plot	61%	2020
Bivent pacing: Indications	50%	2015
Blood brain barrier: Fluid Transfer	73%	2019
Blood gas coefficient	70%	2020
Blood oxygen transport	59%	2008
Blood supply to AV node	46%	2016
Blood: Crossmatch	53%	2014
Botox: pain relief mechanism	58%	2015
Botulinum toxin: Mech of action	92%	2019
Bowel distention	95%	2009
Brachial artery catheter: Cx	78%	2009
Brachial plexus block: Anatomy	86%	2019
Brachial plexus block: missed nerves	97%	2020
Brachial plexus: Anatomy	84%	2020
Bradycardia and heart transplant	73%	2016
Bradycardia and heart transplant: Rx	74%	2017
Bradycardia during carotid surgery	82%	2009
Brain Death: Ancillary Tests	29%	2020
Brain death pathophysiology	82%	2009
Brain death: Reflexes	87%	2018
Brain stem surg manip: Hypertension	82%	2011
Brain: ketone metabolism	60%	2008
Brainstem: Mech of Consciousness	83%	2021
Bronchial blocker: Advantages	88%	2017
Bronchoconstriction: Reflex path	94%	2020
Bronchodilation: Anes drugs	89%	2011
Bronchomotor tone: Catecholamines	83%	2011
Bronchopleural fistula: Ventilator management	73%	2010
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Associated Disease	64%	2020
Bronchospasm triggers: ETT	82%	2010
Bronchospasm: acute treatment	98%	2021
Bronchospasm: mechanical ventilation Dx	89%	2012
Brugada syndrome: Diagnosis	74%	2020
Bupivacaine toxicity Rx	65%	2012
Burn management: carbon monoxide toxicity	72%	2011
Burns: CO poisoning Ddx	71%	2020
Burns: Fluid management	90%	2018
Burst suppression
Butyrylcholinesterase deficiency	72%	2008
Butyrylcholinesterase: Substrates	66%	2018
C-section: Morbidity	42%	2012
CBF: Factors influencing	86%	2020
CDC Guidelines: Vascular catheter infections	82%	2020
CDH: Ventilation strategy	82%	2012
CEA: Ischemia monitoring	81%	2016
CHF Frank Starl curve: Milrinone eff	57%	2011
CHF Frank Starl curve: Phenylephrine	35%	2011
CHF: Frank-Starling curve	73%	2015
CO diffus capacity: Abnormal DDx	88%	2011
CO from CO2 absorber	68%	2008
CO poisoning	72%	2011
CO poisoning: Diagnosis	68%	2008
CO poisoning: clinical features	68%	2008
CO toxicity: Treatment	68%	2008
CO2 absorbers: volatile anes toxicity	87%	2012
CO2 dissociation curve	51%	2013
CO2 rebreathing: Circle system	35%	2020
CO2 response curve	62%	2008
CO2 transport: bicarbonate	56%	2008
CO: CO2 absorbent	43%	2018
CPB antifibrinolytics	73%	2008
CPB oxygenator: Gas embolism	40%	2016
CPB prime: Additives	53%	2016
CRPS I: Clin findings	92%	2011
CRPS I: Dx	93%	2021
CRPS II: treatment	59%	2014
CRPS type 1: Symptoms	93%	2014
CT imaging: Brain structures	99%	2021
CV Changes With Aging	70%	2020
CV effects of vasopressin	76%	2017
CV pharmacology: catecholamines	84%	2008
CV physiology: LV	52%	2008
CV physiology: mixed venous oxygen	52%	2008
CVC infection prevention: CDC guidelines	16%	2017
CVC: CXR landmarks	85%	2018
CVL complications	98%	2018
CVP waveform: Components
CXR: Central line position	21%	2016
CYP2D6: Opioid metabolism	94%	2021
Calcium channel blocker: NM blockade	76%	2015
Calcium channel blockers: Action	96%	2021
Calcium chelation: transfusion	99%	2009
Calcium: ECG changes	7%	2013
Calculation pulmonary vs systemic vascular resistance	84%	2009
Cancer Pain – Celiac Plexus Block	57%	2021
Cancer pain: Plexus block	57%	2021
Cancer pain: WHO ladder	69%	2013
Capnogram waveform: obstruction	61%	2008
Capnothorax: Diagnosis	80%	2019
Carbamazepine toxicity	74%	2010
Carbon monoxide poisoning: Dx	71%	2012
Carbon monoxide poisoning: Rx	65%	2008
Carcinoid crisis: treatment	67%	2010
Carcinoid syndrome	77%	2016
Carcinoid syndrome cardiac lesions	86%	2021
Carcinoid syndrome: Complications	87%	2018
Cardiac Cycle: Ion Flux	71%	2020
Cardiac Eval: AV disease	85%	2014
Cardiac PV loops	84%	2013
Cardiac anat: Coronary circ	92%	2019
Cardiac anatomy: TEE	5%	2013
Cardiac arrest: Induced hypothermia	98%	2016
Cardiac cycle: ECG	94%	2019
Cardiac cycle: Pressures	91%	2020
Cardiac fxn: Parasympathetic effects	78%	2021
Cardiac morbidity: Pre-op factors	34%	2010
Cardiac output: Calculation	94%	2021
Cardiac output: Fick Principle	77%	2020
Cardiac pacemaker indications	61%	2010
Cardiac surface anatomy	34%	2008
Cardiac tamponade: Anesth management	80%	2018
Cardiac tamponade: Dx	88%	2013
Cardiac tamponade: Eff of HR on CO	82%	2016
Cardiac tamponade: Pulsus paradoxus	94%	2010
Cardiac tamponade: TEE Dx	73%	2015
Cardiac vascular anatomy: TEE	35%	2014
Cardiogenic shock: DDx	76%	2013
Cardiomyopathy: TEE Dx and Rx	91%	2016
Cardiopulmonary Bypass Temperature Monitoring Sites	64%	2020
Cardiopulmonary bypass management	33%	2009
Carotid Endarterectomy: CNS monitoring	63%	2009
Carotid baroreflex during CEA	89%	2014
Carotid body damage: Signs	87%	2020
Carotid body: Hypoxic drive	45%	2012
Carotid endarterectomy: Complications	56%	2015
Carotid sinus reflex: Rx	98%	2012
Carotid sinus stim: post-heart transplant	76%	2009
Carotid stent: Bradycardia cause	97%	2010
Carotid stent: Bradycardia prevention	97%	2010
Carotid surgery: CNS monitoring	70%	2012
Categorical data: Chi square test	52%	2010
Catheter-related sepsis: Prevention	93%	2021
Caudal anesthesia	67%	2009
Caudal anesthesia: Anatomy
Caudal anesthesia: Infant dose	62%	2014
Caudal space anatomy	96%	2015
Caudal: System Toxicity	47%	2020
Causes of atrial fibrillation	84%	2013
Causes of upregualtions of NAChR	56%	2008
Cbf/CMRO2 drug effects	83%	2011
Celiac plexus block distribution	95%	2011
Celiac plexus block: Side effects	82%	2012
Celiac plexus block: complications	85%	2017
Celiac plexus block: indications	83%	2008
Central line infections: prevention	72%	2009
Central sensitization: Prevention	92%	2020
Central sleep apnea vs. OSA	57%	2012
Central venous placement: Technique	62%	2016
Central venous pressure wave forms	58%	2014
Cerebral Aneurysm clipping: anes management	58%	2009
Cerebral Blood Volume: BP Meds	72%	2020
Cerebral aneurysm: Electrolytes	81%	2014
Cerebral aneurysm: Transmural pressure	21%	2013
Cerebral autoregulation	42%	2012
Cerebral blood flow: Temperature effect	75%	2010
Cerebral blood vol: Vasodilators	74%	2019
Cerebral ischemia: deep hypothermia	63%	2009
Cerebral oxygen balance	91%	2021
Cerebral palsy: Anesthesia management	18%	2020
Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) determ
Cerebral vasospasm: treatment	87%	2012
Cerebrovascular resist: Vasodilators	71%	2017
Cervical cerclage: Anesthetic management	66%	2010
Cervical fracture, Intubation techniques	75%	2010
Chest wall compliance: Calculation	59%	2015
Chest x-ray: Cardiac anatomy	86%	2019
Chi-squared test application	64%	2019
Chi-squared test: appropriate data	46%	2008
Child-Pugh Scoring system	82%	2014
Child-Pugh score: Factors	76%	2012
Chloroprocaine metabolism	90%	2009
Chloroprocaine placental transfer	81%	2012
Chronic back pain: Evaluation	80%	2016
Chronic meds: Periop continuation	96%	2017
Chronic opioid Rx: Labor analg	97%	2021
Chronic opioid use: Side effects	94%	2018
Chronic opioids: side effects	91%	2009
Chronic pain: Methadone vs morphine	79%	2011
Chronic pain: cancer: methadone	68%	2008
Chronic pain: cancer: opioids	42%	2008
Cig smoking: Anes implications	95%	2021
Circulatory arrest: pH-stat implications	12%	2010
Cirrhosis: NMB kinetics	92%	2010
Cirrhosis: hepatic synthetic fxn	38%	2015
Citrate Toxicity: Treatment	86%	2020
Clark electrode	61%	2013
Clinical trial: study power	93%	2008
Closed claims: Brain damage	72%	2010
Clostridium tetani infection	15%	2009
Coag factors in hepatic disease	71%	2012
Coagulation changes in pregnancy	82%	2020
Cocaine Intoxication: Treatment	58%	2019
Codeine: Metabolism	96%	2019
Colloid administration: Complications	84%	2017
Colloids: Physiology	97%	2021
Coma vs vegetative state	79%	2013
Compartment Syndrome: Dx	95%	2020
Compensated respiratory acidosis	68%	2015
Compensatory Mech and Anemia	60%	2014
Complete heart block: Rx	54%	2012
Complication bronchial blocker	93%	2019
Concentration effect	71%	2013
Congenital Long QT: management	62%	2009
Congenital emphysema: Mgmt	85%	2012
Congenital heart disease: Prostaglandin treatment	23%	2010
Congenital heart disease: pulmonary hypertension treatment	74%	2008
Constrictive Pericarditis: Venous waveform	51%	2012
Context sensitive half-time: Opioids	79%	2019
Context-sensitive half-time	94%	2020
Contrast CT: Renal fxn preservation	73%	2015
Contrast dye nephrotoxicity	97%	2016
Contrast nephropathy: Risk reduction	94%	2018
Contrast-Induced Reaction: Risk Factors	62%	2019
Contrast-induced nephropathy	98%	2019
Controlled hypotension: Monitoring	98%	2019
Core competencies: Definition	93%	2019
Corneal Reflex: Anatomy	72%	2021
Coronary Artery: anatomy	81%	2012
Coronary anatomy: Wall motion abn	62%	2021
Coronary artery distribution	61%	2018
Coronary occlus: Resulting heart blk	87%	2021
Coronary perfusion pressure	95%	2010
Coronary perfusion pressure: L vs. R	27%	2009
Coronary stents: elective surgery delay	65%	2020
Corticosteroid defic in ICU	93%	2018
Corticosteroids: Effect on lab values	92%	2014
Costs: ASC vs office based	97%	2021
Craniotomy: positioning injury	73%	2008
Cricoid pressure: Effects	33%	2018
Cricothyroid muscle innervation	79%	2015
Critical temperature: Nitrous oxide	50%	2017
Cryoprecipitate: fibrinogen content	81%	2012
Crystalloid resuscitation: coagulopathy	73%	2011
Crystalloid vs colloid rx	42%	2015
Crystalloid vs colloid: Side effects	68%	2021
Cyanide toxicity: Dx	77%	2017
Cyanide toxicity: Rx	78%	2021
Cylinder content: weight vs. pressure	93%	2011
Cytochrome 450: Ultrarapid Metabolism	43%	2020
DDD pacemaker periop mgmt	74%	2014
DIC: Diagnosis	91%	2020
DIC: Laboratory findings	98%	2015
DKA Rx	99%	2016
DKA treatment	93%	2012
DL ETT position: confirmation	96%	2020
DLT vs. bronchial blocker	86%	2020
DM control: Glycosylated Hgb	98%	2011
DM: Stiff Joint Syndrome	82%	2020
DNR and anesthesia	88%	2011
DNR: Ethical principles	92%	2018
Dalton’s Law: Applied	89%	2020
Damage control resusc: Med	83%	2020
Dantrolene mechanism	99%	2014
Decreased CO diffusion: Causes	94%	2014
Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction	81%	2020
Delayed emergence: differential diagnosis	84%	2014
Delayed transfusion reaction	54%	2014
Demyelinating diseases: PFTs	86%	2014
Denervated heart: exercise physiology	77%	2009
Depth of anesthesia: EEG findings	72%	2020
Descriptive statistics: Definitions	98%	2021
Desflurane vaporization physics	96%	2011
Desflurane vaporizer	100%	2016
Desflurane vs. Sevoflurane: Ambulatory surgery	71%	2018
Desmopressin for von Willebrand	74%	2009
Determinants of spinal level	95%	2015
Dexmedetomidine Properties	99%	2020
Dexmedetomidine: CNS effects	64%	2016
Dexmedetomidine: CV effects	70%	2019
Dexmedetomidine: Hemodynamic effects	90%	2012
Diabetes insipidus intracranial surg	93%	2009
Diabetes insipidus: Rx	63%	2012
Diabetes: Autonomic neurop signs	74%	2019
Diabetes: Autonomic neuropathy	39%	2021
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy	68%	2021
Diagnosis of croup	99%	2008
Diaphragm muscle: neonate vs adult	75%	2021
Dibucaine number	36%	2016
Differential spinal block	46%	2008
Difficult airway algorithm	96%	2021
Difficult airway: C-section	53%	2011
Difficult airway: Mgmt	98%	2019
Difficult mask ventilation: Predictor	83%	2019
Diffusion Hypoxia Prevention	76%	2020
Diffusion hypoxia	99%	2018
Digoxin Toxicity: ECG	76%	2019
Digoxin toxicity: Rx	65%	2020
Digoxin: Effects and toxicity	81%	2021
Digoxin: Toxicity	65%	2020
Dilutional coagulopathy	73%	2014
Disclosure: Adverse event mgmt	80%	2020
Discogenic pain: Symptoms	56%	2013
Diuretic: Effects on acid-base balance	85%	2014
Diuretics: Adverse effects	51%	2014
Diuretics: Electrolyte effects	96%	2017
Diuretics: Mechanism of action	81%	2020
Diuretics: Potassium imbalance	75%	2019
Diuretics: Site of action	85%	2021
Donepezil: Anesthetic interactions	51%	2018
Donor hepatectomy: INR elevation	62%	2016
Doppler shift and angle of incidence	33%	2012
Doppler ultrasonography principles	51%	2021
Double lumen tube placement	88%	2018
Down Syndrome anes implications
Down’s syndrome: abnormalities
Doxorubicin: Adverse effects	92%	2012
Doxorubicin: Complications	87%	2010
Drowning: Initial treatment	67%	2020
Drowning: pulmonary changes	35%	2021
Drug elimination: Half life	82%	2016
Drugs: Controlled Hypotension	78%	2021
Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Sx	63%	2016
Duchenne's: PFTs	86%	2013
Dural sac: Anatomy
Dural sac: Caudal extent
Dx of Uterine rupture
Dx: Myxedema coma	62%	2013
Dx: Preeclampsia	97%	2014
E cylinder: N2O content	91%	2016
E-cylindr PSI/vol relationship	94%	2014
ECG leads: P-wave detection	83%	2010
ECG loose lead effect	29%	2009
ECG: Intraventricular conduct delay	87%	2015
ECT and heart dis: Anesth consid	84%	2017
ECT: Anes drug selection	84%	2018
ECT: Cardiac effects	71%	2020
ECT: Contraindications	89%	2015
ECT: Physiologic effects	58%	2016
ECT: anesthetic agents and seizure duration	59%	2008
ECT: seizure duration	83%	2021
ECT: side effects	95%	2008
ECT: side effects	95%	2009
EEG: high dose opiates	34%	2008
EMLA contraindications	47%	2008
ERAS protocol: Components	84%	2020
ERAS: Goal Directed Fluid Therapy	48%	2019
ERAS: Nutritional strategies	91%	2021
ESRD and Neuromuscular Blockade	72%	2020
ETOHism: Electrolyte abnormalities	67%	2014
EXIT procedure: Uterine atony	94%	2010
Eaton-Lambert: Mechanism	94%	2018
Effects of flumazenil	76%	2013
Effects of vasopressin vs epi	62%	2011
Electrolyte Homeostasis: hormones	35%	2009
Elevated FRC DDx	79%	2011
Elevated ICP: Hyperventilation	80%	2012
Elevated INR: Factor treatment	76%	2010
Emergence Delirium: Anesthetic Agents	69%	2019
Emergence delirium: Children	78%	2018
Emergency cesarean: Anes options	77%	2019
Emergency transfusion: Compatibility	54%	2019
Endobronchial intubation	68%	2008
Endobronchial intubation: Effects	53%	2021
Enhanced recovery protocol	75%	2020
Enoxaparin: assessment of effect	83%	2008
Enteral nutrition vs. TPN	93%	2012
Enteral nutrition: Complications	95%	2012
Enteral nutrition: Indications	92%	2021
Epid anesth: Adjuvants	89%	2021
Epid steriod indications: radiculop	75%	2014
Epidural analgesia: Complications	77%	2021
Epidural anatomy	83%	2012
Epidural anesthetics: Respiratory effects	72%	2019
Epidural clonidine: mechanism of action	61%	2008
Epidural local anesthetic: GI effect	84%	2019
Epidural local anesthetic: peristalsis effect	59%	2014
Epidural needle: Characteristics	97%	2021
Epidural placement: lateral position	49%	2021
Epidural test dose: Sx	88%	2009
Epidural: Cardiovascular effects	98%	2018
Epidural: Clonidine vs morphine	99%	2014
Epiglottitis	91%	2010
Epiglottitis: Airway management	67%	2010
Epiglottitis: anesthetic management	91%	2010
Epiglottitis: diagnosis	91%	2010
Epiglottitis: inhalation induction	65%	2009
Epileptic focus: Suppression	94%	2015
Epinephrine: effect on LA duration	32%	2020
Esoph sphincter tone: Anes drugs	46%	2011
Ethical principles: Autonomy	97%	2013
Ethics: Speaker disclosure	91%	2010
Ethics: Withdrawal of life support	94%	2018
Etiol bronchoconstriction	91%	2014
Etomidate: Adrenal suppression	85%	2015
Etomidate: Cerebrovascular Effects	65%	2018
Evoked Potentials: Aortic Surgery	48%	2019
Evoked potentials: anesthetic effects	83%	2010
Ex-premature: Pulmonary Cx	72%	2011
Extrajunctional ACh receptors	72%	2020
FA/FI volatile anesthetics	94%	2016
FB Aspiration: physical exam	73%	2009
FENa in hypovolemia	51%	2012
FENa: Significance	83%	2016
FFP Indications	80%	2018
FFP: Citrate toxicity Dx/Rx	72%	2015
FFP: warfarin reversal	94%	2009
FHT: Variable decelerations	78%	2019
FRC: Ventilatory setting effects	91%	2010
FRC: definition	70%	2010
FRC: diseases affecting	89%	2008
FV loop: mediastinal mass	66%	2008
Facet syndrome: Presentation	62%	2018
Facet syndrome: Sx	78%	2020
Factor V Leiden: Treatment	90%	2012
Factor VIII Concentrate: indications	93%	2009
Factor VIII antibodies: Rx	92%	2012
Factors affect anes depth	74%	2013
Factors affecting PvO2	44%	2015
Factors affecting SSEP	78%	2017
Factors affecting SVO2	87%	2020
Factors affecting defibrillation	45%	2013
Factors affecting turbulent flow	99%	2016
Factors affecting vaporizer output	60%	2012
Factors causing prolonged neuromuscular blockade	86%	2011
Failed intubation: Rx	85%	2015
Fat Embolism	84%	2012
Fat embolism: Dx	84%	2012
FeNa significance	84%	2019
Febrile transfusion reaction	49%	2018
Febrile transfusion reaction mechanism	45%	2014
Federal regulation agencies: Ors	72%	2011
Femoral Nerve Block	37%	2020
Femoral Nerve Block anatomy	37%	2020
Fenoldopam: Mechanism	95%	2019
Fenoldopam: Renal effects	55%	2010
Fetal HR pattern: Maternal hypotension	76%	2010
Fetal HR pattern: Normal labor	68%	2010
Fetal Hb: Oxygen transport	89%	2017
Fetal blood gas values	78%	2009
Fetal distress: Rx	98%	2020
Fetal perfusion during surgery	97%	2012
Fibromyalgia DDx	86%	2011
Fibromyalgia: Tender point charact	86%	2016
Fibromyalgia: Tx	96%	2017
Flow volume loop & goiter	87%	2018
Flow volume loop: BP fistula	56%	2015
Flow-volume loop: Interpretation	89%	2016
Flowmeter: Gas properties	56%	2010
Fluid management: PPV	84%	2020
Fluid replacement in peds	61%	2015
Fluid therapy: Glycocalyx	29%	2016
Fluids: traumatic brain injury	75%	2020
Fontan Circulation: Ventilation	63%	2020
Fontan single ventricle phys	74%	2021
Foot surgery: Regional anesthesia	83%	2019
Furosemide: Side effects	80%	2020
Furosemide: Venodilation	21%	2014
GCS: Indication for intubation	85%	2015
Gas laws: temp/pressure changes	23%	2009
Gastric volume: PO liquid effect	13%	2014
Gastric volume: breast milk vs. clear liquids	86%	2008
Gastroschisis & Abd closure: pulm	88%	2014
Gastroschisis: Abd closure pulm eff	88%	2011
Geriatric Patients: Dosing Differences	74%	2021
Geriatric anestheia: pulmonary changes
Geriatrics: Autonomic function	72%	2011
Geriatrics: MAC alterations	59%	2019
Geriatrics: Muscle relaxants	54%	2017
Geriatrics: NSAIDs use	96%	2008
Geriatrics: Pharmacokinetics	19%	2021
Geriatrics: Pulmonary changes	100%	2018
Geriatrics: SVR	95%	2016
Glasgow Coma Scale	48%	2021
Glasgow coma scale: definition	62%	2014
Glaucoma: Management of PONV	97%	2019
Glucocort: Mineralocorticoid activity	74%	2017
Glycocalyx layer: Function	66%	2021
Glycopyrrolate: Adverse effects	91%	2015
Glycopyrrolate: Side effects	84%	2020
Goal directed therapy: Sepsis	80%	2016
Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Rx	83%	2020
Guillain-Barré: autonomic dysfxn	32%	2014
H2-blockers: Onset time	74%	2013
HCTZ: mechanism of action	52%	2008
HIPAA: Definition	92%	2018
HIPAA: Privacy rule exclusions	54%	2015
HIV Rx: Anes drug interactions	54%	2016
HOCM anesthetic mgmt	88%	2014
HOCM: hypotension Rx	89%	2009
HPV Inhibition	82%	2019
HPV Inhibition: Drugs	14%	2016
HPV: Inhibition	82%	2019
HTN in Pregnancy: DDx	31%	2021
Haldane effect	47%	2012
Head down position: hypoxemia	41%	2009
Heart block: Coronary occlusion	67%	2010
Heart transplant: autonomic effect	81%	2015
Heat loss: Mechanisms	75%	2017
Heat loss: Prevention	57%	2018
Heliox effects	76%	2014
Heliox: Airway resistance	90%	2011
Helium advantages: Small-bore tube	63%	2010
Helium properties	80%	2018
Hemiarthroplasty: Causes of decreasing BP	88%	2015
Hemodialysis effects	72%	2008
Hemodialysis: Lab effects	69%	2014
Hemodynamic effects of alpha blockers	84%	2008
Hemodynamics of laryngoscopy	49%	2015
Hemolysis: bilirubin levels	65%	2009
Hemophilia: Factor Deficiencies	77%	2021
Hemorrhagic shock mgmt	84%	2020
Henderson-Hasselbalch: Logarithms	83%	2020
Heparin resistance: Rx	97%	2012
Hepatic Blood Flow: Regulation	50%	2019
Hepatic arterial buffer response	50%	2016
Hepatic artery buffer response	73%	2018
Hepatic bilirubin excretion	83%	2015
Hepatic blood flow: Factors affecting	93%	2015
Hepatic blood supply	36%	2017
Hepatic dysfunction
Hepatic extraction ratio: Drug elim	87%	2021
Hepatic protein synthesis	73%	2015
Hepatic resection: Complications	89%	2020
Hepatic synthetic capacity: Dx	70%	2012
Hepatic synthetic function: Labs	59%	2020
Hepatic synthetic function: Measures	89%	2017
Hepatitis B: Needle stick diagnosis	88%	2010
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome: Pathophysiology	61%	2020
Herbal medicines: anticoagulation effects	78%	2014
Herbal supplements	98%	2013
Herbals: garlic	95%	2009
Herpes and pregnancy	62%	2008
Herpes zoster: Rx	87%	2012
Hetastarch: platelet function	56%	2015
High A-a gradient: Causes	84%	2012
High respiratory quotient: Lipogenesis	20%	2015
Hip Fx: Fat embolism mgmt	84%	2012
Hip arthroplasty: GA vs RA	80%	2019
Hormonal stress response	72%	2021
Hydrochlorothiazide: Blood chemistry effects	24%	2010
Hyperaldosteronism: Drug treatment	93%	2008
Hyperbaric N2O	77%	2013
Hyperbaric O2 seizures: Treatment	20%	2016
Hyperbaric Oxygen: indications	96%	2021
Hyperbaric chamber: MAC effect	73%	2010
Hypercalcemia: Acute treatment	91%	2021
Hypercapnia: Causes	17%	2015
Hypercarbia: O2 release to tissues	84%	2012
Hypercarbia: alveolar gas equation
Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis	95%	2019
Hyperglycemia: Preop mgmt	88%	2016
Hyperglycemia: complications	81%	2009
Hyperkal periodic paralysis triggers	64%	2014
Hyperkalemia	66%	2010
Hyperkalemia treatment	66%	2010
Hypermagnesemia treatment	67%	2010
Hyperparathyroidism: signs	54%	2012
Hypertension: brainstem injury	73%	2008
Hypertension: brainstem surgery
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy	45%	2018
Hyperthyroidism: Dx	66%	2015
Hyperthyroidism: signs	37%	2009
Hyperventilation: Cerebral physiology	97%	2015
Hypocalcemia: ECG effects	75%	2010
Hypocarbia: Electrolyte effects	55%	2014
Hypoglycemia: Glucagon	69%	2019
Hypokalemia: Periop mgmt	28%	2017
Hypokalemic periodic paral trigger	46%	2016
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis	89%	2021
Hyponatremia and CNS pathology	56%	2014
Hyponatremia: Evaluation	78%	2014
Hypoparathyroidism: Clinical effects	95%	2021
Hypoparathyroidism: Rx	95%	2012
Hypophosphatemia: Complications	74%	2019
Hypophosphatemia: Muscle weakness	44%	2013
Hypoplastic left heart physiol	92%	2014
Hypothermia with spinal: Physiol	93%	2015
Hypothermia: Cold OR mechanism
Hypothermia: Effects	53%	2016
Hypothermia: Infant vs. toddler	79%	2010
Hypothermia: Physiol effects	97%	2019
Hypothermia: Prevention	94%	2019
Hypothermia: pH stat management	53%	2010
Hypovent in PACU	54%	2014
Hypovolemia signs: Pediatrics	72%	2012
Hypovolemia: renin-angiotensin response	78%	2013
Hypoxemia: Chest x-ray	68%	2020
Hypoxemia: closing capacity vs. FRC	90%	2008
Hypoxemia: ventilator management	56%	2009
Hypoxia during pneumonectomy: treatment	90%	2010
Hypoxia gen anes: Pregnancy	89%	2015
Hypoxic pulmonary vasodilation	27%	2008
IABP: Contraindications	82%	2020
ICD removal complications	65%	2014
ICP: tumor: corrected mechanism	57%	2008
ICU: enteral nutrition	86%	2015
IHSS	46%	2009
IHSS: Treatment	84%	2012
IJ Cannulation: Confirmation	64%	2020
IJ line: Cx	86%	2019
IV anesthetics: Pain on injection	4%	2013
IV contrast allergy	67%	2021
IV regional: Mechanism	79%	2014
IV regional: Pharmacology	59%	2020
IV solutions: Osmolality	40%	2015
IV to po opioids: Equivalency	70%	2014
Identification epileptic foci: Drugs	91%	2012
IgA deficiency and transfusion	73%	2020
Ilioinguinal anatomy	63%	2013
Ilioinguinal block: Complications	35%	2014
Impact of pH on O2 delivery to tissue	9%	2013
Impaired anesthesiologist: Signs	84%	2018
Impaired physician: Manifestations	79%	2015
Implantable cardiac defibrillator: interventions	36%	2009
Incompetent expiratory valve: Signs	80%	2010
Increased FRC: Causes	76%	2014
Increased FRC: Etiology	85%	2015
Increased ICP: Treatment	35%	2020
Increased ICP: induction agents	97%	2011
Indications for hypertonic saline	92%	2015
Induced hypothermia	84%	2013
Infant preop fasting: Breast milk	95%	2011
Inhalation agents: Uptake	81%	2021
Inhalational anesthesia: ventilatory effects	55%	2009
Inhaled agents: Physical properties	83%	2021
Inhaled agents: Uterine tone	93%	2011
Inhaled anesthetic: Uptake	87%	2015
Inhaled anesthetics: Mech of action	54%	2021
Inhaled anesthetics: vapor pressure	39%	2008
Inotropes: Alpha-1 activity	92%	2012
Insulin deficiency: Phys effects	61%	2015
Insulin: Physiologic actions	100%	2021
Interscalene Block: Anatomy	66%	2020
Interscalene block: Complications	100%	2017
Interscalene block: Sens distribution	88%	2021
Interscalene block: Technique	54%	2021
Interscalene block: side effects	85%	2021
Intestinal obstruction: N2O	62%	2014
Intra-art SBP amplification mech	17%	2011
Intracranial aneurysm: IV fluids	666%	2014
Intraocular gas: Contraindications	89%	2019
Intraocular pressure: Effectors	95%	2017
Intraop awareness: Risk factors	90%	2021
Intraop glucose requirements	97%	2021
Intraop hyperthermia: Rx	98%	2021
Intraoperative fluid management: infants	53%	2020
Intraoperative oliguria: hyperventilation	38%	2008
Intrapartum fever: Rx	88%	2016
Intrapulmonary shunt and O2 Tx	70%	2016
Intrascalene block: anatomy
Intravascular fluids: Distribution	64%	2019
Intravascular: Extracellular volume ratio	58%	2012
Intravenous Fluids: Redistribution	81%	2020
Intubation in Pierre Robin syndrome	76%	2012
Ionizing radiation: Treatment	66%	2015
Ischemic optic neur: Risk factors	87%	2017
Isoflurane: CMRO2 effect	90%	2012
Isolation precautions	87%	2014
Isovolemic hemodilution compensation	28%	2008
Jehovah's Witness: Cell salvage	90%	2016
Jehovah’s Witness: Blood products	90%	2021
Jet ventilation, gas exchange	53%	2014
Jet ventilation: Complications	73%	2021
Joint commission: anesthesia standards	31%	2008
Ketamine analgesic mechanism	91%	2021
Ketamine receptor effects	82%	2009
Ketamine side effects	92%	2012
Ketamine: Effect on BIS	78%	2019
Ketamine: Pheochromocytoma	94%	2010
Ketamine: Psych effects	94%	2020
Ketamine: Respiratory effects	95%	2018
Ketorolac: renal function	92%	2010
Knee surgery: Blocks	82%	2019
L-spine: Radiologic anatomy	73%	2019
LAST: Rx	58%	2021
LE fracture: Tourniquet mgmt
LMA: Intubation guide	42%	2015
LMWH: Assessment	88%	2014
LMWH: Mechanism of action	62%	2018
LV Dilation: Wall Stress	59%	2021
LV failure: Diagnosis and treatment post-CPB	37%	2010
LV filling physiology	82%	2015
LV function in geriatric pts	89%	2013
LV pressure-volume relations: Impact of preload	71%	2012
Lab assessment of renal function	3%	2008
Labetalol pharmacokinetics	38%	2016
Labor pain, regional blocks	65%	2014
Lactated Ringer’s Solution: Metab	66%	2021
Lambert-Eaton Syndrome: Physiology	73%	2010
Lambert-Eaton: Pathophysiology	86%	2019
Laparoscopy complications	93%	2017
Laparoscopy: Air vs. N2O	93%	2013
Laparoscopy: Complications	92%	2019
Laparoscopy: ETCO2	94%	2011
Laparoscopy: Elevated ETCO2 Ddx	93%	2014
Laparoscopy: Physiologic changes	93%	2017
Laparoscopy: Physiologic effects	90%	2018
Laparoscopy: Resp complications	83%	2018
Laparoscopy: increased PaCO2	84%	2012
Laryngeal anatomy	19%	2017
Laryngeal innervation	88%	2020
Laryngoscopic view: Grading	90%	2018
Laryngospasm causes	97%	2008
Laryngospasm mechanism	40%	2010
Laryngospasm treatment options	49%	2015
Laryngospasm: Management	77%	2021
Laser airway fire: Mgmt	90%	2016
Laser resistant ET	80%	2017
Laser-safe endotracheal tubes	68%	2010
Laser: Safety	75%	2021
Lat fem cut n: Ext landmarks	53%	2016
Latex allergy treatment	90%	2015
Latex allergy: Foods	90%	2020
Legally privileged conversation	72%	2017
Leukoreduction: Viral transmission	31%	2010
Leukotriene inh: Asthma	96%	2019
Level of hypoxemia: Factors impacting	97%	2013
Levels of Sedation: Definitions	76%	2019
Licensing of Physicians	72%	2020
Line isolation alarm	73%	2021
Line isolation monitor	78%	2018
Liposuction: LA solution	54%	2018
Liposuction: lidocaine toxic dose	33%	2010
Lithium and muscle relaxants	47%	2013
Lithium: Anesthetic interactions	68%	2021
Lithotomy position: Nerve Injury	68%	2010
Lithotripsy: Contraindications	71%	2021
Liver Synthetic Function: Labs
Liver blood flow: Autoreg	86%	2021
Liver transpl: Hypocalcemia etiology	75%	2016
Liver transplant: Fxn of allograft	73%	2012
Liver transplant: Reperfusion effect	70%	2018
Liver transplantation: Electrolyte disturbances	51%	2014
Local anes concentration calc	86%	2013
Local anes onset: Factors influencing	76%	2013
Local anes: Vasoconstriction	99%	2017
Local anesthetic: Methemoglobinemia	94%	2010
Local anesthetic: Side effects	94%	2019
Local anesthetic: Transient neurologic symptoms	94%	2015
Local anesthetics: Metabolism	92%	2018
Local anesthetics: systemic toxicity
Logistic Regression: Odds Ratio	29%	2014
Long QT syndrome: Medications	97%	2018
Lorazepam: Metabolism	47%	2015
Low back pain: Etiologies	87%	2013
Low tidal volume ventilation: Protective effect	87%	2010
Lower extremity nerves: Sensory distribution	57%	2008
Lower extremity tourniquet deflation: Physiologic effects	80%	2018
Lumbar nerve roots: Innervation	58%	2010
Lumbar sympathetic block: Indications	20%	2012
Lumbosacral radiculopathy: Mgmt	68%	2012
Lung Function: Splinting Effects	45%	2021
Lung compliance: Calculation	64%	2020
Lung compliance: Measurement	64%	2020
Lung function: Metabolic	26%	2014
Lung isolation	81%	2013
Lung protection ventilation: Pressure goal	58%	2010
Lung resection outcome: PFTs	84%	2012
Lung ultrasonography: Signs	51%	2020
Lung volumes and capacities: Def	86%	2016
Lungs: Metabolic function	14%	2013
Lusitropy: PV loop	60%	2014
MAC: Adverse outcomes	71%	2020
MAC: Age effects	86%	2021
MAC: factors affecting	94%	2018
MAO inhibitor: meperidine toxicity	91%	2009
MCA stroke: Signs	87%	2020
MH vs. thyroid storm	91%	2011
MH: Presentation	60%	2020
MOCA requirements	95%	2009
MODS: Prevention	94%	2021
MRI compatibility: Implants	74%	2021
MRI monitoring complications	87%	2017
MRI monitors artifacts	90%	2014
MRI safety: Monitors	90%	2021
MRI: Contraindications	76%	2015
MRI: Monitoring hazards	80%	2016
MRI: Physiologic monitoring	94%	2018
MRI: Quenching	92%	2019
MRI: Resuscitation	81%	2020
MRI: Thermal burns	77%	2020
MRSA tx	25%	2015
Magnesium complications	76%	2009
Magnesium toxicity: Signs	78%	2020
Magnesium toxicity: Tx	97%	2018
Magnesium: Effects	96%	2020
Magnesium: Hypotensive effect	41%	2012
Magnesium: NMJ effects	79%	2021
Magnesium: side effects
Mainstem Intub: Physiologic effects	90%	2015
Malignant Hyperthermia: Treatment	50%	2019
Malignant Hyperthermia: testing	79%	2017
Malignant hyperthermia: Associated disorders
Malignant hyperthermia: Periop mgmt	90%	2019
Malignant hyperthermia: Signs	55%	2016
Mallampati Airway Classification	83%	2019
Management: acute heart failure	66%	2009
Management: lumbosacral radiculopathy	71%	2009
Mannitol osmolarity effects	41%	2009
Mannitol: Hemodynamic effects	65%	2014
Mapleson D: Rebreathing	98%	2010
Mask CPAP: Physiologic effects	87%	2010
Mass casualty: Nerve agent	21%	2019
Mastectomy: Regional analgesia	73%	2021
Maternal mortality causes	93%	2009
Maternal physiology: Blood volume	84%	2013
Maternal physiology: Respiratory	60%	2020
Maximum ABL calculation	62%	2010
Mechanical ventilation: Renal effects	68%	2012
Mechanism of action: p450	35%	2015
Mechanisms of Cerebral Vasoconstriction	83%	2019
Meconium aspiration	64%	2012
Meconium aspiration: Rx	62%	2012
Meconium: Tracheal suctioning	64%	2012
Mediastinal mass: CXR	43%	2015
Mediastinal tumor: Airway obstruction	92%	2010
Mediastinoscopy: vascular compression	85%	2009
Medical errors: Disclosure	95%	2021
Medication Errors: Etiology	89%	2021
Meningomyelocele: Arnold-Chiari assoc	64%	2011
Meperidine: Renal Failure	98%	2018
Metabolic Alkalosis: Causes	19%	2017
Metabolic acidosis: Etiology	78%	2018
Metabolic alkalosis: Respiratory compensation	79%	2010
Metabolism: Meperidine	58%	2014
Metformin/Contrast dye interaction	83%	2009
Metformin: Complications	97%	2013
Metformin: Contrast dye	88%	2012
Metformin: Periop mgmt	98%	2014
Methadone treatment management	98%	2009
Methadone: QT interval	52%	2011
Methemoglobinemia	95%	2011
Methemoglobinemia: Treatment	95%	2011
Methemoglobinemia: diagnosis	95%	2011
Methyl methacrylate: Complications	82%	2018
Metoclopramide: Pharm effects	72%	2019
Metoclopramide: esophageal sphincter tone	80%	2012
Metoclopramide: gastric effects	95%	2009
Meyer Overton correlation	73%	2019
MgSO4: Cardiac effects	91%	2012
Mgmnt of hypoxemia during OLV	73%	2015
Mgmt difficult airway: Obese pt	97%	2014
Mgmt: WPW	58%	2014
Microvascular Surgery: Vasopressors	72%	2020
Midazolam: Bioavailability versus Route
Midazolam: Peds oral dosage	88%	2014
Milrinone: CV effects	93%	2017
Milrinone: pharmacology	78%	2012
Min invasive CABG: Single-lung vent	78%	2021
Misfilled vaporizer: Output calc	58%	2021
Mitochondrial myopathy: Anes concerns	95%	2019
Mitral Insufficiency: Pharmacologic Treatment
Mitral insufficiency: medical management	63%	2011
Moderate sedation: ASA guidelines	43%	2015
Monitored anesthesia care: Requirements	89%	2012
Monitoring for residual NMB	86%	2009
Monitoring: barbiturate coma	73%	2012
Morbid Obesity: post-op complications	73%	2012
Morbid obesity and atelectasis	95%	2014
Morbid obesity: DVT	90%	2008
Morbid obesity: Drug dosing	60%	2014
Morbid obesity: Hypoxemia physiology	60%	2016
Morbid obesity: PFTs	64%	2018
Morbid obesity: rapid desaturation	55%	2012
Morphine: Metabolites	75%	2018
Motor evoked potentials: Anesth effec	89%	2015
Multiple myeloma: Symptoms	93%	2011
Multiple sclerosis: Periop mgmt	65%	2012
Multiple sclerosis: Risk of pulm comp	8%	2013
Multiple sclerosis: exacerbation	85%	2018
Muscle relaxants: Benzodiazepine	84%	2014
Muscle relaxants: Drug interactions	53%	2019
Muscle relaxation: Anes agents	92%	2017
Muscle relaxation: Mechanism	59%	2008
Muscular dystrophy: Cx	83%	2021
Myasthenia gravis and postop ventilation	74%	2019
Myasthenia gravis and postoperative ventilation	90%	2017
Myasthenia gravis preop risk eval	54%	2011
Myasthenia gravis: Pathophysio	96%	2021
Myasthenia gravis: Pharmacologic Rx	87%	2021
Myasthenia gravis: postop management	52%	2015
Myasthenia: Effects on neonate	76%	2018
Myasthenia: Muscle relaxant effects	41%	2010
Myasthenia: physiology	91%	2008
Myasthenic Synd vs Myas Gravis: Sx	74%	2020
Myelomeningocele: Assoc anomalies	56%	2013
Myocard ischemia intraop Dx/Rx	96%	2011
Myocardial O2 consumption: determinants	82%	2009
Myocardial ischemia: Acute MR	81%	2010
Myocardial ischemia: Beta-blockers	94%	2020
Myocyte repolarization: Ionic flow	40%	2015
Myofascial pain syndrome: Dx	45%	2018
Myofascial pain: diagnosis	61%	2012
Myotonic dystrophy, intraop mgt	9%	2014
Myotonic dystrophy: Aspiration risk	76%	2010
Myotonic dystrophy: Preop eval	29%	2011
N2O and intraocular gas	86%	2014
NDNMB reversal: TOF ratio	65%	2021
NIBP: Positioning effects	93%	2020
NIOSH concentration limits	37%	2018
NM transmission: Ions	73%	2011
NMB and hyperparathyroidism	61%	2020
NMB drug interactions	98%	2009
NMB in Eaton-Lambert syndrome	67%	2008
NMB reversal: Assessment	60%	2010
NMB/volatile agent interaction	48%	2012
NMB: Anatomy	85%	2021
NMB: Brain stem reflexes	71%	2019
NMB: Rhabdomyolysis	75%	2013
NMB: Site of action	86%	2015
NMBA dosing in geriatric patients	68%	2016
NMBs in CRF	99%	2011
NMBs: ED95 definition	23%	2011
NMJ AChR upregulation causes	77%	2017
NMJ: Anticholinesterase fxn	85%	2015
NMJ: Ca release mechanism	56%	2019
NMJ: Cholinergic receptor anatomy	85%	2018
NMJ: Postjunctional receptors	89%	2021
NO hemodynamic effect	79%	2010
NPO guidelines	96%	2020
NPO recommendation infants	95%	2017
NSAIDs: Renal Effects	54%	2020
Nalbuphine: Plateau effect mechanisms	73%	2010
Nasal fiberoptic intubation	83%	2009
Nasal intubation: Contraindications	92%	2020
Nasal intubation: Cx	96%	2020
Nat pract data bank: Reporting	60%	2020
National Practitioner Database	60%	2020
Nd: YAG laser characteristics	41%	2011
Neck anatomy: 2D ultrasound	89%	2020
Neck anatomy: Nerve blocks	49%	2021
Needle stick injury mgmt	64%	2018
Needle stick injury: Risks	81%	2021
Needle stick: Infectious risk	70%	2020
Negative pressure pulmonary edema: Physiology	75%	2018
Neonatal apnea hypoxemia physiol	89%	2019
Neonatal bradycardia: treatment	68%	2010
Neonatal circulation	96%	2018
Neonatal cyanosis: Ddx	88%	2016
Neonatal hypoxia: physiology	64%	2008
Neonatal myasthenia gravis	71%	2016
Neonatal nasal CPAP: mechanism	43%	2011
Neonatal resuscitation and meconium	92%	2017
Neonatal resuscitation medication	73%	2013
Neonatal vs. adult cardiac physiology	67%	2010
Neonate: duration of post-anesthesia monitoring	40%	2008
Neostigmine: Max dose rationale	66%	2014
Neostigmine: Side Effects	65%	2021
Neostigmine: muscarinic effects	87%	2011
Nerve action potential termination mechanism	70%	2010
Nerve block landmarks	49%	2012
Nerve block: stimulation current vs. distance	52%	2008
Nerve blocks: Peak plasma LA conc	95%	2020
Nerve gas: Rx	78%	2021
Nerve gas: Tx	79%	2018
Neuraxial anesth: Cardiovascular effects	71%	2012
Neuraxial blockade and anticoagulants	97%	2017
Neuraxial opioid action site	96%	2015
Neuraxial opioid pruritus: Mechanism	80%	2021
Neuraxial opioids: lipophilicity	61%	2021
Neuraxial opioids: mechanism	60%	2020
Neuraxial opioids: tolerance	86%	2008
Neuromuscular Blockade: Monitoring	84%	2019
Neuromuscular block: vecuronium	45%	2009
Neuromuscular blockade: Recovery	81%	2021
Neuromuscular blocking agents in CRF	97%	2008
Neuromuscular disease: Succinylcholine hyperkalemia	100%	2015
Neuromuscular diseases: muscle pain	56%	2009
Neuromuscular transmission in Myasthenia Gravis	80%	2019
Neuromuscular transmission: ion flow	86%	2021
Neuropathic pain: Pathophysiology	42%	2015
Neuropathic pain: treatment	98%	2008
Neutral thermal environment: advantages	66%	2011
Newborns: Dehydration assessment	72%	2012
Nicotine: Anesth implications	97%	2019
Nitric oxide: Mechanism of action	90%	2020
Nitric oxide: Toxicity	90%	2021
Nitroglycerin: Uterine relaxation	97%	2010
Nitroprusside toxicity Treatment	25%	2010
Nitroprusside toxicity: blood chemistry	35%	2008
Nitrous Oxide: CBF and CMRO2	35%	2010
Nitrous oxide: Air space expansion	90%	2019
Nitrous oxide: Closed spaces	71%	2017
Nitrous oxide: bowel distention	77%	2012
Nondepolarizing NMB: Synergism	36%	2016
Noninvasive BP: Oscillometry	76%	2018
Norepinephrine: CV effects	59%	2012
Normal saline admin: Lab findings	73%	2020
Nosocomial infections: Treatment	85%	2015
O2 E cylinder	56%	2008
O2 del to tissues: Factors impacting	84%	2014
O2 delivery to fetus in labor	37%	2009
O2 delivery vs. PaO2	44%	2012
O2 delivery vs. PaO2 (21%)	44%	2013
O2 desaturation causes: Neonate	90%	2020
O2 diffusion during exercise	78%	2014
O2 release	87%	2010
O2 transport: Quantitative aspects	53%	2011
OLT: Hypocalcemia mech	73%	2013
OLV: Hypoxemia Predictors	62%	2020
OR costs: Labor vs materials	31%	2014
OSA: Physical exam	97%	2021
OSA: Vent management	51%	2021
Obesity: Lung volumes	61%	2016
Obesity: Resp physiology	53%	2021
Obesity: Succinylcholine dosing	22%	2015
Obesity: airway eval	73%	2012
Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Diagnosis	85%	2009
Obstructive lung dz: PFTs	39%	2020
Obturator nerve: anatomy	84%	2018
Occupational Exposure: Radiation	73%	2021
Oculocardiac reflex	81%	2021
Oculocardiac reflex: Anatomy	88%	2018
Oculocardiac reflex: afferent path	72%	2014
Odds ratio calculation	61%	2008
Office Based Anesthesia: Equipment	80%	2020
Office-based anesthesia: Guidelines	62%	2016
Old MI: Preoperative risk assessment	68%	2010
Oliguria: Dx	68%	2015
Omphalocele vs gastroschisis	75%	2021
Omphalocele: Associated Conditions	49%	2020
Omphalocele: Heart Disease	66%	2018
Ondansetron: Side effect	6%	2013
One lung vent: O2 desat Rx	72%	2011
One-lung ventilation: Indications	50%	2014
Opioid Reversal	26%	2009
Opioid Tolerance: Cancer Pain	79%	2021
Opioid abuse: Behavioral changes	83%	2021
Opioid conversion: IV and IT	80%	2020
Opioid dependence: Definition	95%	2017
Opioid metabolism	96%	2021
Opioid neurotoxicity: treatment	47%	2010
Opioid overdose: ABG	93%	2019
Opioid tolerance: Symptoms	81%	2020
Opioid: Prodrug	92%	2015
Opioids and aging	41%	2012
Opioids: Effects on seizure threshold	58%	2018
Opioids: Hyperalgesia	82%	2021
Opioids: Lung first pass	31%	2016
Opioids: Pruritus	76%	2020
Opioids: Renal failure	94%	2017
Oral Clonidine	84%	2010
Organ Transplant: Cold Ischemia Times	90%	2021
Organ donation: Process	20%	2015
Organ donor and lungs: Mgmt	93%	2017
Organ donor: Diabetes insipidus	92%	2018
Organ donor: Fluid mgmt	92%	2019
Organ donor: Rx of DI	91%	2015
Organ donor: bradycardia Rx	51%	2009
Organ donor: treatment of DI	89%	2008
Organophosphate poisoning: diagnosis and treatment	96%	2020
Osteomyelitis: diagnosis	87%	2008
Outpatient surgery contraindications	92%	2020
OxyHb dissoc: Characteristics	82%	2021
Oxygen delivery index determinants	95%	2009
Oxygen delivery: Factors impacting	75%	2016
Oxygen delivery: Pipeline vs cylinder	90%	2015
Oxygen regulator: Characteristics	91%	2012
Oxygen saturation: PaO2	71%	2008
Oxygen toxicity: Symptoms	13%	2018
Oxygenation during one-lung ventilation	63%	2008
Oxytocic drugs: Indications	66%	2013
Oxytocin: Electrolyte effects	39%	2010
P50 of hemoglobin: factors influencing	63%	2015
PACU bypass: Rationale	44%	2019
PACU bypass: Stage I bypass criteria	23%	2010
PCA basal infusion and ped pts	90%	2019
PCA clinical advantages	53%	2015
PCA: Benefits	99%	2021
PCEA labor analgesia	87%	2012
PCV: Minute Ventilation Determinants	75%	2021
PDA repair: Recurrent laryng N injury	83%	2014
PDPH: Prevention	88%	2015
PEEP to treat hypoxia	86%	2009
PEEP: Effect on PAOP	58%	2010
PEEP: LV effects	14%	2010
PEEP: Lung volume effect	30%	2010
PFTs: DLCO	82%	2012
PH buffering: Bicarbonate	89%	2010
POCD: Predictors	96%	2016
PONV after pediatric surgery	96%	2012
PONV prophylaxis	81%	2009
PONV: Peds vs. adults	89%	2010
PONV: Prevention in children	65%	2014
PONV: Risk factors	71%	2015
PONV: Risk reduction	98%	2017
PONV: Rx	68%	2015
PaO2: temperature correction	51%	2008
Pacemaker Designation	84%	2015
Pacemaker Intraoperative complications	31%	2017
Pacemaker and electrocautery	76%	2012
Pacemaker nomenclature	77%	2021
Pacer lead placement: ECG morphology	76%	2010
Pain after TKA: Mgmt	89%	2017
Pain management: Rib fracture	92%	2015
Pain terms	97%	2015
Paired vs. unpaired t-test	64%	2009
Panhypopit: Dx	27%	2021
Paraplegia: Autonomic hyperreflexia	66%	2010
Parasymp nervous system: Ganglia	78%	2015
Parasympathetic: Cardiac innervation	83%	2015
Parathyroidectomy: Cx	31%	2013
Parathyroidectomy: Intraoperative Monitoring	74%	2020
Parathyroidectomy: Mgmt	66%	2021
Parental presence: Indications	83%	2010
Parental presence: Induction	61%	2012
Parenteral nutrition: Indications	90%	2014
Patent ductus arteriosis: Diagnosis	36%	2010
Pathophysiology of Drowning and Near-Drowning	70%	2019
Peak vs. plateau airway pressure	76%	2009
Pediatric ETT size	87%	2021
Pediatric PONV: Risk factors	92%	2021
Pediatric Sedation: Monitoring	78%	2019
Pediatric airway management	79%	2014
Pediatric anomalies: A/W management	71%	2017
Pediatric circuit: Dead space	11%	2012
Pediatric postop reg analg	82%	2014
Pediatric sedation: Adverse events	80%	2021
Pediatric syndromes: Airway	90%	2019
Pediatric warming techniques	83%	2020
Pediatric: Preoperative anxiety	30%	2015
Peds circuit, work of breathing	85%	2014
Peds sleep apnea risk factors	50%	2011
Peds: Foreign body aspiration	88%	2014
Pericardial Effusion	98%	2014
Periodic paralyses: Hyperglycemia	61%	2013
Periop Insulin: Effects	66%	2014
Periop anaphylaxis etiology	71%	2012
Periop antihypertensive drug mgmt	98%	2020
Periop beta-blockade: Risks	81%	2015
Perioperative DNR	79%	2014
Perioperative renal failure: Predictor	6%	2013
Perioperative risk of MI	33%	2017
Peripartum changes in CO	95%	2015
Peripartum headache	99%	2021
Periph compartment syndrome Dx	55%	2014
Peripheral TPN complications	51%	2009
Peripheral nerve: Anatomy	60%	2015
Peripheral nerves: Sensory vs motor	84%	2012
Peripheral oxygen delivery	30%	2008
Persistent fetal circulation: Causes	49%	2020
Phantom limb pain treatment	98%	2014
Pharmacodynamics of vecuronium in infants
Pharmacodynamics: Dose response curve	92%	2020
Pharmacokinetics: 1st order elimination	59%	2017
Pharmacokinetics: Genetic variability	77%	2014
Pharmacology in the elderly	58%	2013
Pharyngeal reflex: Innervation	94%	2013
Phase II depolarizing blockade	75%	2017
Phases of Labor
Phenytoin: Ion channels	68%	2012
Phenytoin: Neuromusc block effect	66%	2012
Pheochromocytoma hypertension treatment	33%	2010
Pheochromocytoma: Dx markers	47%	2009
Pheochromocytoma: Rx of HTN	80%	2014
Pheochromocytoma: preop preparation	98%	2016
Phrenic N stim: Side effects	24%	2011
Physician impairment: Referral	63%	2010
Physician impairment: Substance abuse	94%	2021
Physiologic Changes of Pregnancy: Time Course	23%	2020
Physiologic changes: High altitude	86%	2018
Pin index safety system	93%	2015
Pituitary adenoma: deficiencies	94%	2011
Placenta accreta: Risk factors	66%	2010
Placental Drug Transfer: Determinants	79%	2020
Placental gas exchange: Bohr effect	76%	2020
Placental ion exchange	64%	2013
Placental transfer: Anesth drugs	69%	2011
Placental transfer: anticholinergic	57%	2012
Placental transfer: local anesthetics	86%	2015
Plasma osmolality: Determinants	67%	2020
Plt inhibitor drugs: Tirofiban mech	31%	2011
Pneumoperitoneum: Physiologic effects	83%	2017
Poiseuille’s law: IV fluids	66%	2015
Polymorphic VT: Rx	56%	2012
Pons injury: Symptomatology	79%	2020
Porphyria: anesthesia risks	65%	2015
Positive type and screen Rx	85%	2011
Post CPB management: SVR	86%	2013
Post dural punct headache: Prevention	88%	2020
Post herpetic neuralgia: Prevention	62%	2014
Post op neuropathy: Lateral position	71%	2021
Post spinal back ache	77%	2016
Post-CPB creatinine increase: Differential diagnosis	85%	2010
Post-cardiac transplant patient	74%	2008
Post-dural puncture headache: risk factors	92%	2017
Post-junctional Acetylcholine Receptors
Post-op cardiac event: Risk factors	52%	2015
Post-op hypotension: Pulm emb	80%	2011
Post-tonsillectomy complications	55%	2012
Postherpetic neuralgia Rx	80%	2011
Postherpetic neuralgia: risk factors	76%	2021
Postobstr pulm edema: Mgmt	98%	2017
Postobstructive pulmonary edema	86%	2014
Postop Hepatic Dysfunction	57%	2019
Postop blindness: Dx	91%	2012
Postop blindness: Etiology	93%	2020
Postop diabetes insipidus: Rx	97%	2012
Postop hepatic dysfunct: Risk factors	39%	2014
Postop hepatic dysfunction	70%	2017
Postop hyperbilirubinemia: Causes	89%	2017
Postop hypertension: Rx	88%	2020
Postop nausea: Rx	85%	2020
Postop oliguria: Endocrine causes	89%	2011
Postop sepsis: Dx	90%	2017
Postop uterine atony: Causes	72%	2012
Postop ventilation	97%	2014
Postoperative ATN: Differential diagnosis	74%	2010
Postoperative SIRS/sepsis: Dx	83%	2015
Postoperative Visual Loss: Risk Factors	48%	2020
Postoperative apnea: post conceptual age	40%	2008
Postoperative delirium: Rx	61%	2016
Postoperative jaundice: Differential diagnosis	77%	2018
Postoperative nausea: Inhalational	91%	2017
Postoperative nausea: inhalational agents	82%	2019
Postoperative oliguria: cause	76%	2008
Postoperative visual loss: Anatomy	94%	2017
Potassium: ECG changes	44%	2016
Power analysis for sample size	94%	2015
Power analysis: Study design	90%	2010
Practice standards: Definition	93%	2015
Pre-term labor: treatment	51%	2009
Preanesth eval: Cardiac	56%	2020
Preanesth heart murmur: Significance	90%	2018
Predictor difficult intubation	97%	2015
Preeclamp: Complications	87%	2014
Preeclampsia: Lab abnormalities	98%	2011
Preeclampsia: Placental effects	42%	2015
Pregnancy: Anemia	88%	2017
Pregnancy: Aspiration risk vs time	87%	2015
Pregnancy: Asthma + uterine atony	70%	2014
Pregnancy: Cardiovascular changes	92%	2021
Pregnancy: Coagulation factors	77%	2021
Pregnancy: DIC	92%	2014
Pregnancy: Fibrinogen	83%	2019
Pregnancy: GE reflux mechanism	90%	2010
Pregnancy: Hematologic changes	85%	2010
Pregnancy: Heme and e-lyte changes	71%	2008
Pregnancy: Hemodynamic changes	42%	2019
Pregnancy: Hemodynamic changes	54%	2017
Pregnancy: Hemostasis	46%	2014
Pregnancy: Lung volumes	88%	2011
Pregnancy: Plasma proteins	54%	2011
Pregnancy: Respiratory changes	89%	2021
Pregnancy: SVT Rx	72%	2012
Pregnancy: asthma	78%	2008
Pregnancy: flow volume loop	38%	2021
Pregnancy: gastric function	57%	2008
Pregnancy: hemodynamic effects	42%	2014
Pregnancy: inhalation induction	91%	2008
Pregnancy: laboratory measurements	71%	2008
Premedication: Side effects	99%	2014
Preop Cardiac Exam	58%	2021
Preop ECG: Indications	89%	2017
Preop eval: Amer Coll Card Guidelines	70%	2015
Preoperative anxiolysis in children	51%	2009
Preoperative evaluation: American College of Cardiology Guidelines	68%	2015
Preoperative laboratory testing	63%	2019
Preoperative renal failure predictors	61%	2010
Preoperative testing: Bayes theorem	64%	2010
Preoptic anterior hypothalamus: Dx	91%	2012
Prerenal oliguria Dx/Rx	83%	2015
Prerenal oliguria: dx	71%	2009
Pressure Support: Weaning	62%	2021
Pressure support ventilation	84%	2015
Pressure vs. volume ventilation: ICU	94%	2010
Preterm labor and Surg	66%	2014
Prevent ventilator assoc. pneumonia	97%	2018
Primary pulmonary HTN and pregnancy	81%	2013
Professional liability: Tort law	86%	2019
Prolonged NMB risk factors	86%	2011
Prolonged QT: Pharmacotherapy	47%	2020
Propofol Infusion syndrome: Dx	27%	2009
Propofol mechanism of action	97%	2011
Propofol: Administration guidelines	67%	2012
Propofol: Respiratory effects	12%	2020
Prostaglandin for congenital heart: Dx	23%	2010
Protamine reaction	44%	2018
Protamine reaction: Prevention	94%	2021
Protein synthesis, stress induced	27%	2012
Pseudocholinesterase deficiency	94%	2019
Pseudocholinesterase synthesis	87%	2008
Pseudotumor cerebri: LP effect	52%	2011
Pulm diffusing capacity	74%	2015
Pulm hypertension: Causes	89%	2019
Pulmonary aspiration treatment	73%	2011
Pulmonary embolism	77%	2008
Pulmonary embolism: Dx	91%	2015
Pulmonary embolism: Pathophysiology	95%	2013
Pulmonary embolus: Dx tests	92%	2016
Pulmonary function: ALS	95%	2008
Pulmonary hypertension: Dx	47%	2012
Pulmonary physiology: LaPlace’s Law	77%	2021
Pulmonary vs SVR: Calculation	92%	2012
Pulseless Vtach Rx	77%	2011
Pyloric stenosis: Electrolytes	85%	2013
Pyloric stenosis: Fluid therapy	43%	2011
Pyloric stenosis: metabolic abnormality	94%	2010
QT prolongation with antiemetics
Quality measures: Patient care	85%	2015
R vs L IJ cath complications	96%	2012
RCRI: Major adverse cardiac event	78%	2021
Radiation exposure vs distance	62%	2015
Radiation exposure: Ocular effects	79%	2017
Radiculopathy: steroid epidural	65%	2008
Recovery of neuromuscular function in different muscles	43%	2008
Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury	85%	2008
Red blood cell additives	68%	2018
Reflex bronchoconstriction: Neurons	87%	2015
Refractory hemophilia	53%	2008
Refusal of blood transfusion	59%	2014
Regional Anesthesia: Bony Landmarks	66%	2017
Regional anesthesia monitoring	97%	2018
Regional anesthesia: Mech. of injury	66%	2015
Regional anesthetic: foot surgery
Regional anesthetics: low molecular weight heparin	90%	2008
Relationship of alveolar vent to PaCO2	43%	2021
Renal Failure: CPB surgery	75%	2012
Renal Function Estimation	80%	2020
Renal Insufficiency: ICU sedation	85%	2021
Renal blood flow: Receptor type	90%	2015
Renal failure: electrolytes	64%	2009
Renal failure: periop preservation	93%	2009
Renal failure: platelet function	58%	2009
Renal insufficiency: Dx	38%	2009
Renal insufficiency: hyperkalemia	44%	2009
Renal replacement Rx selection	91%	2017
Renal replacement therapy: Patient selection	82%	2010
Renal transplant: ATN prevention	85%	2015
Renal transplant: mannitol	54%	2011
Renin-angiotensin CV physiology	77%	2010
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system	87%	2021
Respiratory acidosis: Potassium	88%	2017
Respiratory alkalosis: renal compensation	49%	2008
Respiratory distress syndrome: effects (peds)	68%	2008
Respiratory effects: TPN	83%	2020
Respiratory failure: Preoxygenation	59%	2020
Respiratory function: Dead space	80%	2014
Respiratory quotient: Energy sources	67%	2013
Restrictive lung disease: diagnosis	94%	2012
Resuscitation: IV fluid choice	99%	2016
Retinal detachment: Gas bubble	90%	2018
Retinal detachmt: Gas bubble	93%	2016
Retrobulbar Block: Complications	61%	2020
Retrobulbar block: Hemodynamic effect	72%	2015
Retrobulbar block: Risk factors	13%	2021
Retrobulbar vs. peribulbar block	74%	2019
Retrograde cardioplegia: Indication	75%	2020
Rhabdomyolysis: Complications	69%	2019
Rheumatoid arthr complications	59%	2012
Rheumatoid arthritis complications	52%	2009
Rib fractures: Pain mgmt	96%	2019
Right ventricular failure: Circulator	87%	2021
Ritodrine: effects	28%	2008
Robotic prostatectomy: contraindications	66%	2009
Root cause analysis	98%	2019
Root cause analysis: Essential elements	83%	2010
Ruptured diaphragm: Dx	87%	2013
Ruptured diaphragm: Tx
Rx of intracranial hypertension in CHF	65%	2012
Rx of periop SVT	92%	2013
Rx: Antithrombin 3 deficiency	87%	2012
SBE prophylaxis	82%	2011
SBE prophylaxis indications	94%	2014
SE vs. SD calculation	48%	2015
SIADH: Diagnosis	77%	2016
SIADH: Electrolytes	96%	2012
SIADH: Lab abnormalities	91%	2020
SID: Hyperchloremic acidosis	3%	2013
SSEP Latency: anesthetic drugs	68%	2009
SSEP monitoring: Anes effects	98%	2020
SSEP: physiological effects	59%	2008
SSEPs: Ischemia effects	95%	2021
SSRIs: Drug interactions	63%	2016
SVR and PVR: Calculation	91%	2019
Saline: hyperchloremic acidosis	97%	2010
Saphenous nerve block	97%	2015
Saphenous nerve damage: signs	82%	2011
Sciatic nerve block: Anatomy	56%	2013
Sciatic nerve block: Contraindication	78%	2015
Sciatic nerve distribution	97%	2019
Second gas effect	95%	2013
Secondary Hypothyroid: Labs	71%	2019
Sedation: Drug interactions	92%	2021
Seizure Disorders
Selective Digestive Decontamination
Sensitivity and specificity	52%	2012
Sentinel event: Definition	89%	2020
Sepsis: Vasopressin	69%	2012
Sepsis: resuscitation goals	67%	2021
Septic shock therapy	97%	2008
Septic shock: Dx	61%	2021
Septic shock: Fluid resuscitation	96%	2015
Septic shock: Hypotension Rx	90%	2014
Septic shock: Metabolic effects	60%	2017
Septic shock: Vasopressin treatment	78%	2010
Septic shock: stress response mediators	55%	2008
Serotonin syndrome: Clinical findings	83%	2016
Serotonin toxicity: Rx	68%	2021
Serum osmolality: Components	86%	2017
Sevo uptake: Infant vs. adult	86%	2012
Shock states: DDx	80%	2020
Shock: Pulmonary embolism	96%	2013
Shunt: effect of increased FiO2	48%	2009
Side effects of etomidate	88%	2013
Side effects of tocolytics	51%	2012
Significance of U/S probe frequency	93%	2018
Signs of Emergence: GA	44%	2019
Sildenafil drug interactions	94%	2014
Sinus surgery: Spheno ganglion	79%	2015
Sinus tachycardia: Mgmt	49%	2014
Sites of NO production	97%	2012
Sitting position: BP measurement	93%	2010
Sleep Apnea: Classification	49%	2020
Smoking cessation: Acute effects	66%	2015
Smoking cessation: P50 effect	63%	2014
Smoking cessation: acute physiology	90%	2010
Smoking: Physiologic effects	93%	2020
Soda lime exhaustion: Mgmnt	95%	2015
Soda lime exhaustion: Mgmt	93%	2019
Sodium nitroprusside: Toxicity	85%	2018
Somatic pain vs. visceral pain	91%	2014
SpO2 effect of methemoglobin	88%	2012
SpO2: Carbon monoxide	97%	2015
Spasticity: Management	87%	2020
Spinal Anesthesia: Contraindications	49%	2016
Spinal Anesthesia: Level of block
Spinal Cord Injury: Respiration	54%	2021
Spinal anatomy: Anterior spinal artery syndrome	60%	2015
Spinal anatomy: neonatal	78%	2021
Spinal anes anatomy: Paramedian	96%	2019
Spinal anesthesia complications	66%	2008
Spinal anesthesia complications: MRI indications	98%	2010
Spinal anesthesia spread: Factors	73%	2010
Spinal anesthesia: Anatomy	89%	2021
Spinal anesthesia: Premie indications	76%	2014
Spinal anesthetics: anatomy	51%	2008
Spinal anesthetics: neonatal indications	76%	2008
Spinal anesthetics: severe bradycardia	46%	2008
Spinal anesthetics: transient neurologic symptoms	90%	2011
Spinal baricity: Levels	87%	2021
Spinal block: Infant vs. adult	63%	2012
Spinal cord anatomy	92%	2018
Spinal cord blood supply	96%	2020
Spinal cord stim indications	65%	2011
Spinal cord stimulator: Reprogramming	77%	2010
Spinal cord: Blood supply	72%	2019
Spinal cord: blood flow	32%	2008
Spinal hypotension: treatment	97%	2010
Spinal microcatheters	45%	2014
Spinal stenosis: Diagnosis	96%	2020
Spine osteomyelitis Dx	91%	2011
Spironolactone: Side effects	86%	2014
Spread of epidural anesth	91%	2013
Stages of anesthesia	90%	2020
Standard deviation	79%	2012
Statins in Sepsis
Statistical analysis: power	99%	2009
Statistical tests: Sensitivity	62%	2014
Statistics: ANOVA	89%	2021
Statistics: ANOVA indications	79%	2010
Statistics: Interval data	76%	2020
Statistics: Measures of Dispersal	83%	2019
Statistics: Test of proportions	63%	2013
Statistics: median	89%	2009
Steep Trendelenburg: Risks	87%	2019
Stellate ganglion block: Anatomy	77%	2015
Stellate ganglion block: effects	65%	2012
Steroid prophylaxis indications	69%	2012
Stored blood: Properties	83%	2021
Stress and Carbohydrate Metabolism	47%	2020
Stress response: Lipolysis	46%	2020
Stress response: Metabolic effect	82%	2014
Stridor in infants: Etiologies	84%	2021
Stroke volume: Atrial Fibrillation Effects	72%	2010
Strong ion difference: Etiology	19%	2015
Study design: blinding	71%	2014
Sub-ambient pressure alarm	49%	2012
Subarachnoid bleed: ECG effects	62%	2010
Subarachnoid hemorrage: nimodipine	87%	2009
Subarachnoid hemorrhage complication	82%	2013
Subdural injection: symptoms	62%	2008
Subglottic drainage ETT: Indication	89%	2020
Substance Abuse: Relapse Risk	78%	2019
Substance abuse: Treatment	85%	2017
Succinycholine in Guillain Barre Syndrome	29%	2008
Succinycholine: lower esophageal sphincter pressure	52%	2008
Succinylcholine and bradycardia	91%	2009
Succinylcholine contraindications	98%	2011
Succinylcholine in Guillain Barre Syndrome	29%	2008
Succinylcholine: Contraind in neuromu	85%	2016
Succinylcholine: K effects	73%	2018
Succinylcholine: Normal K increase	73%	2016
Succinylcholine: Termination of Blockade	66%	2020
Succinylcholine: lower esophageal sphincter pressure	52%	2008
Superior laryngeal nerve anatomy	80%	2010
Surgery risk during pregnancy	68%	2012
Surgical site infection: Prophylaxis	84%	2021
Surgical stimulation: Effect on MAC	69%	2010
Sux in neuromuscular disease	88%	2012
Sux side effects	98%	2013
SvO2 physiology	85%	2012
Sweat glands: Innervation	30%	2012
Sympathetic nervous system: Ganglia	77%	2018
Symptomatic bradycardia: Treatment	84%	2014
Synchronized electrical cardioversion	68%	2009
Syst vs Diast heart failure: Dx	74%	2013
Systemic Effects of Ketamine
T-test: Indications	82%	2018
TAP block: Anatomy	90%	2021
TAVI complications	61%	2014
TCA OD: ECG findings	73%	2020
TCD: Utility in CEA	37%	2011
TE fistula: ETT positioning	87%	2012
TEE views: perfusion distribution	22%	2008
TEE views: perfusion distribution (22%)	22%	2008
TEE: Aortic valve	59%	2018
TEE: Atrial appendage	85%	2019
TEE: Cannula Placement	33%	2017
TEE: Contraindications	99%	2014
TEE: LV anatomy	54%	2021
TEE: Tamponade vs hypovolemia	69%	2012
TEE: Ventricular wall anatomy	42%	2014
TEE: diagnosis: hypotension
TEF: Other abnormalities	44%	2015
TEG interpretation	52%	2018
TEG: Decreased MA Dx/Rx	67%	2014
TENS indications	55%	2012
TIVA vs volatile anes	93%	2021
TIVA: Advantages	63%	2020
TOF: Cause of fade	39%	2017
TPN discontinuation complications	91%	2012
TPN: Phosphorous Deficiency	90%	2015
TPN: Refeeding syndrome	92%	2021
TPN: Respiratory quotient	67%	2014
TPN: metabolic effects	80%	2012
TRALI: Findings on CXR	74%	2012
TRALI: Leukopenia	37%	2013
TRALI: Presentation	92%	2015
TRALI: Risk Factors	80%	2019
TRALI: Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury	75%	2021
TRALI: Treatment	48%	2010
TURP solutions: Neuro complications	78%	2014
TURP syndrome: Treatment	90%	2012
TURP: CNS Complications	82%	2017
TURP: Irrigating fluid complications	43%	2016
TURP: benefit of spinal	63%	2018
Tachydysrhythmias: Tx	93%	2014
Tension PTX: Pathophysiology	87%	2021
Tension pneumothorax: Dx and Rx	77%	2010
Tet spell: Pharm Rx	30%	2011
Tetanus: Pathophysiology	39%	2014
Tetralogy of Fallot Rx	86%	2012
Tetralogy of Fallot: Decreased SpO2	91%	2015
Therap hypother: Electrolyte abnorm	41%	2020
Therapeutic hypothermia: Indications	82%	2021
Thiopental termination of action	95%	2011
Thiopental therapeutic coma	73%	2012
Thiopental theraputic coma	73%	2012
Thiopental: CMRO2/CBF relationship	86%	2010
Thoracoscopy: Hypoxemia treatment	42%	2010
Thyroid surgery and hypocalcemia	98%	2014
Thyroid surgery: RLN monitoring	69%	2020
Thyroidectomy: complications	94%	2020
Thyrotoxicosis: Rx	24%	2013
Time constant definition	13%	2009
Time units definition	85%	2014
Torsade de Pointes: Treatment	83%	2013
Total body water content	64%	2021
Total knee replacement: Regional anesthesia techniques	82%	2010
Tourniquet deflation	81%	2015
Tourniquet deflation: Physiol effects	95%	2017
Tourniquet management	83%	2019
Tourniquet pain: Dx	33%	2021
Tourniquet release: Physiol changes	86%	2020
Tourniquet: Metabolic effects	90%	2019
Tracheoesophageal fistula: Assoc anom	79%	2013
Tramadol: Mechanism of Action	72%	2020
Tramadol: Pharm	78%	2021
Transcutaneous pacing	80%	2011
Transcutaneous pacing modes	80%	2011
Transdermal fentanyl indications	93%	2012
Transducer: Art line vs NIBP	94%	2014
Transfusion Rxn: Febrile	92%	2021
Transfusion Rxn: GVHD	42%	2021
Transfusion mortality: Causes	47%	2010
Transfusion rxn: Lab findings	96%	2013
Transfusion rxn: Mgmnt	96%	2013
Transfusion, leukoreduction	60%	2020
Transfusion: Bacterial sepsis	89%	2011
Transfusion: Infectious risks	96%	2021
Transphenoidal surgery: DI Rx	87%	2016
Transsphenoidal Surgery: DI Rx	84%	2017
Traumatic Brain Injury: CPP	33%	2010
Traumatic brain injury management	62%	2014
Trigeminal neuralgia	85%	2012
Trigeminal neuralgia: Rx	85%	2012
Trigger point injections indications	89%	2009
Tumescent anesthesia Cx	33%	2016
Tumescent liposuction complications	92%	2018
Tumescent liposuction: lidocaine dose	68%	2019
Turbulent flow: Gas density	99%	2021
Tx hypertension: Parkinson's	84%	2013
Type I statistical error: definition	80%	2008
Type O Rh- transfusion: Indications	98%	2016
Type and Screen
URI: Airway Reactivity	75%	2018
URI: Risk factors for complications	92%	2019
Ultrasonography: internal jugular	93%	2010
Ultrasound anatomy: Supraclav block	74%	2018
Ultrasound physics	51%	2021
Ultrasound probe: Frequency effect	96%	2020
Ultrasound structures: echogenicity	70%	2009
Ultrasound: Acoustic impedance	82%	2011
Uncuffed ETT: Max leak pressure	81%	2010
Unilateral blindness: etiology	95%	2009
Upper Airway Anatomy	71%	2017
Upper extr Sx: Anesth tech	74%	2021
Upper extremity cutaneous innervation	67%	2021
Upper extremity nerve blocks: indications	98%	2009
Upper extremity regional management	85%	2015
Upper extremity tourniquet pain prevention	92%	2018
Uptake and distribution: Pregnancy	95%	2013
Uptake and distribution: infant vs. adult	58%	2011
Uptake of inhaled anesthetics: V/Q mismatch	37%	2009
Urinary indices: DDx oliguria	51%	2021
Uterine atony	72%	2012
Uterine blood flow determinants	83%	2012
Uterine relaxation techniques	94%	2020
Uterine tone and anesthetics	95%	2015
Uterotonic agents: Side effects	85%	2021
Uterotonic agents: Symptoms	79%	2019
V/Q mismatch: emphysema	48%	2014
V/Q ratio with shunt physiology	94%	2020
VE/PaCO2 relationship: Hypoxia	53%	2010
VF: Epinephrine mechanism	28%	2010
VQ mismatch: Causes	9%	2013
Vapor pressure	26%	2008
Vaporizer output at altitude	75%	2008
Vaporizer output calculation	25%	2010
Vaporizers: Altitude effects	54%	2020
Vasodilator pharmacodynamics	86%	2012
Vasodilator pharmacokinetics	46%	2009
Vasodilators: Renal blood flow	86%	2012
Vasopressin Rx diabetes insipidus	55%	2009
Vasopressin in acidosis	84%	2016
Vasopressin secretion: Control	63%	2018
Vasopressin secretion: Stimulation of	59%	2016
Vasopressin: pharmacology	81%	2015
Vasopressin:pharmacology	81%	2015
Vasopressors: risk of myocardial ischemia	90%	2009
Vecuronium: PD in geriatric patients	85%	2013
Venous air embolism	87%	2010
Ventilation modes: Pressure waveform	74%	2010
Ventilator associated pneumonia management	93%	2011
Ventilator disconnect: Detection	72%	2010
Ventilator settings: atelectasis	74%	2008
Ventilator: low tidal volume	87%	2009
Ventilatory response at altitude	44%	2013
Ventricular PV loops	76%	2009
Ventricular hypertrophy	72%	2008
Verapamil dantrolene interaction	56%	2008
Visceral cancer pain: Mechanism	70%	2020
Volatile agents: Ventilatory effects	84%	2020
Volume controlled ventilation	78%	2015
Volume status: Monitoring	66%	2018
WHO analgesic ladder	97%	2019
Wall oxygen failure: Signs	53%	2010
Weaning from mech vent: Mgmt	72%	2016
Work of breathing: Neonate vs. adult	40%	2010
pH: Log relationship	43%	2018
von Willebrand disease: Rx	65%	2012